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fuckyeahmolecularbiology:

Karyotypes describe the number of chromosomes in an organism, and provide a picture of what they look like under a light microscope. Attention is paid to their length, the position of the centromeres, banding pattern, differences between the sex chromosomes, and any other physical characteristics.

Karyotypes can be used for many purposes - to study chromosomal aberrations, cellular function, taxonomic relationships, and to gather information about past evolutionary events, for example. Chromosomal disorders, like Down Syndrome, show up clearly in karyotype analysis.

(Fonte: amolecularmatter)

lasben:

Behold the purest form of your existence: your complete genetic makeup.  Karyotyping, the painstaking process of lysing a cell in metaphase and differentiating the chromosomes (seen above), is both beautiful and a helpful diagnostic tool for many diseases.  Fluorescent stains are sometimes used to highlight different genes, as shown on the male karyotype.  Some conditions, such as chronic mylogenous leukemia (CML), involve visible translocations as seen in picture 3; the arrows indicate where part of chromosome 22 has attached to chromosome 9, encoding a defective gene (BCR-ABL) and causing the gamut of problems that is CML.  

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